The behaviour of the Whalers, the Missionaries’ desire to help protect Māori rights, Maori land, and the Musket Wars were reasons that a treaty was needed. In 1830 a large number of Europeans settlers came to New Zealand and settle in Kororareka (Russel.) Kororareka soon became a significant point of contact between Maori and Europeans. The treaty gave Maori and Europeans common ground to live as one. The outburst of lawless behaviour, and musket raids throughout New Zealand, as well as the missionaries and declaration of independence, was a manger factor of why the Treaty of Waitangi was needed.

One reason that the treaty was needed was the lawless behaviour of some British Settlers like whalers. This lawless behaviour was a key cause that entered the British Crown and Maori into a treaty. The two races living side by side caused a lot of chaos. Because they came from different cultures, therefore they had a different way of handling things. Such as communication was very difficult. This then led to the establishment of Kororareka, the first Europen settlers and seaport in New Zealand. Since there was no treaty there was no laws or boundaries. There was an increase in racial slurs, prostitution, drunken acts, and overall reckless behaviour. This resulted in the settlers taking advantage of their freedom. The treaty would set boundaries but it would be written in “laws” where everyone must obey. This is one of the reasons why the Treaty of Waitangi was essential 

Another reason that a treaty was needed was to protect Maori rights and land. One group that felt strongly about this was the missionaries. The missionaries fostered good relationships with the Maori which was a very powerful influence on the signing of the treaty. The missionaries also introduced Maori to new technologies, such as farming methods and equipment. The missionaries did this so the Maori would understand the British way of life and convert to there religion. Due to all the lawless behaviour missionaries felt that these behaviours  of the settlers, threaten the missionaries intention of influencing good Christian behaviour, as well as the number of Maori being killed and enslaved as a result of the musket wars. The missionaries promoted the Treaty of Waitangi in order to protect Maori. These are the key reasons why missionaries supported the treaty and encouraged Maori to sign it. 

Musket wars were another reason why the treaty was needed. There were as many as 3,000 raids fought throughout New Zealand among Maori tribes between 1807 and 1837. The introduction of the musket changed everything. These weapons gave the tribes that possessed them a huge advantage against their enemies. The main reason why the musket wars began was because of rivalry between the northern iwi Ngapuhi and Ngati Whatua. But later on, all tribes would trade large quantities of food with the pakeha in order to obtain muskets. Because of these wars the Maori tribes grabbed all the muskets they could afford and killed as many revivals as they could. These battles resulted in the death of many of between 20,000 and 40,000. As well as the many Maori that was enslavement or became a refugee. This fatal impact changed New Zealand forever and the treaty was a way of amending it.

The final reason that a treaty was needed was the existence of the Declaration of Independence. The declaration was used for Maori to trade with other countries as well as promote the protection of Maori rights. New Zealand did not  have a flag yet, which meant that they couldn't trade fairly.

In conclusion, the treaty was needed to regulate settlement and control the settlers and land. The Treaty of Waitangi is one of the most significant events that happen in New Zealand. The treaty is a living breathing document that is woven through New Zealand and you can't take that away. To this day the impacts it has caused has made New Zealand what it is today.

Volcanoes - Mauna Loa

In science, we have been learning about the earth. Currently, we are learning about the volcanoes and how they work, and how to identify every part and its name. We got given the task to pick whatever volcanoes we wanted it could be from anywhere in the world, and research it. After we have done research we then get to form little groups and make erupting volcanoes our selves. Once I picked my volcano I then had to research it before making a model. The volcano I decide to research was Mauna loa, which is one of five volcanoes that form the island of Hawaii in the pacific ocean. Down below is my research, hope you enjoy reading. 

What is a volcano? 

A volcano is a mountain that opens downward to a pool of molten rock the surface of the earth. Volcanoes are the result of the earths trying to lose its internal heat. Deep inside the earth, between the molten iron core and the thin crust at the surface, there is a solid body of rock called the mantle. When rock form the mantle melts it moves to the surface through the crust and releases gases. When pressure builds up an eruption occurs. These forces drive the gases and hot liquid, known as magma out through the volcanoes orifice known as a vent. Once out of the vent rock shoot up through the opening and spill over or fills the air with lava fragments. Eruptions tend to cause lava flows, hot ash, mudslides, avalanches, falling ask and floods. An erupting volcano can trigger tsunamis, flash floods, earthquakes, and rockfalls. 

How are volcanoes formed? 

Volcanoes are formed when tectonic plates collide and go through the process of subduction. This sets the foundation for a volcano. The overlapping of the plates causes the magma to break through the earth's crust. Once it has made its way to the earth surface, a solid body of rock lies within. When the temperature and pressure rises, the rock melts and moves through the surface and crust witch then releases gases and magma. Magma is forced up to the surface of the Earth because it is less dense. This then flows out through an opening called the vent.

Mauna Loa volcano

Mauna Loa is the world's largest and one of the most active volcanoes on the island of Hawaii. it is about 600, 000 - 1,000,000 years old. Although the volcano has not erupted in a few years, it is one of the most active volcanoes in the world. When it erupted it usually produces a large river of lava. 

When did Mauna Loa volcano last erupted and did it do any damage? 

Mauna Loa last erupted in March 24th to April the 15th, 1984. Not that much damage was caused by this. The lava flows cause no significant damage except for burying about 16 miles of land owned by the sate.

No recent eruptions have caused deaths, but eruptions in 1926 and 1950 destroyed villages. 

Volcano eruption 

Here is my group and I volcano eruption. For our eruption to work we used 4 spatulas of potassium iodide in 20ml of water, 35% of hydrogen peroxide, dishwashing liquid, a few drops of green food clouring, and some gold glitter. Hydrogen peroxide turned into water plus oxygen.

This is the reaction - H₂O_2 ---> H₂O + O₂